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Tam o' Shanter

Robert Burns · 1790 · 224 lines

“Nae man can tether time or tide”

Burns's masterpiece and, by his own account, written in a single day. He wrote it for Francis Grose to accompany a drawing of Alloway kirk, which is the only reason we have it. Two hundred and twenty-four lines that move from a warm pub to a witches' dance to a flat-out horse chase, with the narrator breaking in to moralise and then admitting he would have done the same. The mare's tail is the price of looking.

A Tale.

“Of Brownyis and of Bogillis full is this Buke.”

Gawin Douglas.

When chapman billies leave the street,

And drouthy neibors, neibors, meet;

As market days are wearing late,

And folk begin to tak the gate,

While we sit bousing at the nappy,

An’ getting fou and unco happy,

We think na on the lang Scots miles,

The mosses, waters, slaps and stiles,

That lie between us and our hame,

Where sits our sulky, sullen dame,

Gathering her brows like gathering storm,

Nursing her wrath to keep it warm.

This truth fand honest Tam o’ Shanter,

As he frae Ayr ae night did canter:

(Auld Ayr, wham ne’er a town surpasses,

For honest men and bonie lasses).

O Tam! had’st thou but been sae wise,

As taen thy ain wife Kate’s advice!

She tauld thee weel thou was a skellum,

A blethering, blustering, drunken blellum;

That frae November till October,

Ae market-day thou was na sober;

That ilka melder wi’ the Miller,

Thou sat as lang as thou had siller;

That ev’ry naig was ca’d a shoe on

The Smith and thee gat roarin’ fou on;

That at the Lord’s house, ev’n on Sunday,

Thou drank wi’ Kirkton Jean till Monday,

She prophesied that late or soon,

Thou wad be found, deep drown’d in Doon,

Or catch’d wi’ warlocks in the mirk,

By Alloway’s auld, haunted kirk.

Ah, gentle dames! it gars me greet,

To think how mony counsels sweet,

How mony lengthen’d, sage advices,

The husband frae the wife despises!

But to our tale: Ae market night,

Tam had got planted unco right,

Fast by an ingle, bleezing finely,

Wi reaming saats, that drank divinely;

And at his elbow, Souter Johnie,

His ancient, trusty, drougthy crony:

Tam lo’ed him like a very brither;

They had been fou for weeks thegither.

The night drave on wi’ sangs an’ clatter;

And aye the ale was growing better:

The Landlady and Tam grew gracious,

Wi’ favours secret, sweet, and precious:

The Souter tauld his queerest stories;

The Landlord’s laugh was ready chorus:

The storm without might rair and rustle,

Tam did na mind the storm a whistle.

Care, mad to see a man sae happy,

E’en drown’d himsel amang the nappy.

As bees flee hame wi’ lades o’ treasure,

The minutes wing’d their way wi’ pleasure:

Kings may be blest, but Tam was glorious,

O’er a’ the ills o’ life victorious!

But pleasures are like poppies spread,

You seize the flow’r, its bloom is shed;

Or like the snow falls in the river,

A moment white—then melts for ever;

Or like the Borealis race,

That flit ere you can point their place;

Or like the Rainbow’s lovely form

Evanishing amid the storm.—

Nae man can tether Time nor Tide,

The hour approaches Tam maun ride;

That hour, o’ night’s black arch the key-stane,

That dreary hour he mounts his beast in;

And sic a night he taks the road in,

As ne’er poor sinner was abroad in.

The wind blew as ’twad blawn its last;

The rattling showers rose on the blast;

The speedy gleams the darkness swallow’d;

Loud, deep, and lang, the thunder bellow’d:

That night, a child might understand,

The deil had business on his hand.

Weel-mounted on his grey mare, Meg,

A better never lifted leg,

Tam skelpit on thro’ dub and mire,

Despising wind, and rain, and fire;

Whiles holding fast his gude blue bonnet,

Whiles crooning o’er some auld Scots sonnet,

Whiles glow’rin round wi’ prudent cares,

Lest bogles catch him unawares;

Kirk-Alloway was drawing nigh,

Where ghaists and houlets nightly cry.

By this time he was cross the ford,

Where in the snaw the chapman smoor’d;

And past the birks and meikle stane,

Where drunken Charlie brak’s neck-bane;

And thro’ the whins, and by the cairn,

Where hunters fand the murder’d bairn;

And near the thorn, aboon the well,

Where Mungo’s mither hang’d hersel’.

Before him Doon pours all his floods,

The doubling storm roars thro’ the woods,

The lightnings flash from pole to pole,

Near and more near the thunders roll,

When, glimmering thro’ the groaning trees,

Kirk-Alloway seem’d in a bleeze,

Thro’ ilka bore the beams were glancing,

And loud resounded mirth and dancing.

Inspiring bold John Barleycorn!

What dangers thou canst make us scorn!

Wi’ tippenny, we fear nae evil;

Wi’ usquabae, we’ll face the devil!

The swats sae ream’d in Tammie’s noddle,

Fair play, he car’d na deils a boddle,

But Maggie stood, right sair astonish’d,

Till, by the heel and hand admonish’d,

She ventur’d forward on the light;

And, wow! Tam saw an unco sight!

Warlocks and witches in a dance:

Nae cotillon, brent new frae France,

But hornpipes, jigs, strathspeys, and reels,

Put life and mettle in their heels.

A winnock-bunker in the east,

There sat auld Nick, in shape o’ beast;

A towzie tyke, black, grim, and large,

To gie them music was his charge:

He screw’d the pipes and gart them skirl,

Till roof and rafters a’ did dirl.—

Coffins stood round, like open presses,

That shaw’d the Dead in their last dresses;

And (by some devilish cantraip sleight)

Each in its cauld hand held a light.

By which heroic Tam was able

To note upon the haly table,

A murderer’s banes, in gibbet-airns;

Twa span-lang, wee, unchristened bairns;

A thief, new-cutted frae a rape,

Wi’ his last gasp his gabudid gape;

Five tomahawks, wi’ blude red-rusted:

Five scimitars, wi’ murder crusted;

A garter which a babe had strangled:

A knife, a father’s throat had mangled.

Whom his ain son of life bereft,

The grey-hairs yet stack to the heft;

Wi’ mair of horrible and awfu’,

Which even to name wad be unlawfu’.

As Tammie glowr’d, amaz’d, and curious,

The mirth and fun grew fast and furious;

The Piper loud and louder blew,

The dancers quick and quicker flew,

The reel’d, they set, they cross’d, they cleekit,

Till ilka carlin swat and reekit,

And coost her duddies to the wark,

And linkit at it in her sark!

Now Tam, O Tam! had they been queans,

A’ plump and strapping in their teens!

Their sarks, instead o’ creeshie flainen,

Been snaw-white seventeen hunder linen!—

Thir breeks o’ mine, my only pair,

That ance were plush o’ guid blue hair,

I wad hae gien them off my hurdies,

For ae blink o’ the bonie burdies!

But wither’d beldams, auld and droll,

Rigwoodie hags wad spean a foal,

Louping an’ flinging on a crummock.

I wonder did na turn thy stomach.

But Tam kent what was what fu’ brawlie:

There was ae winsome wench and waulie

That night enlisted in the core,

Lang after ken’d on Carrick shore;

(For mony a beast to dead she shot,

And perish’d mony a bonie boat,

And shook baith meikle corn and bear,

And kept the country-side in fear);

Her cutty sark, o’ Paisley harn,

That while a lassie she had worn,

In longitude tho’ sorely scanty,

It was her best, and she was vauntie.

Ah! little ken’d thy reverend grannie,

That sark she coft for her wee Nannie,

Wi twa pund Scots (’twas a’ her riches),

Wad ever grac’d a dance of witches!

But here my Muse her wing maun cour,

Sic flights are far beyond her power;

To sing how Nannie lap and flang,

(A souple jade she was and strang),

And how Tam stood, like ane bewithc’d,

And thought his very een enrich’d:

Even Satan glowr’d, and fidg’d fu’ fain,

And hotch’d and blew wi’ might and main:

Till first ae caper, syne anither,

Tam tint his reason a thegither,

And roars out, “Weel done, Cutty-sark!”

And in an instant all was dark:

And scarcely had he Maggie rallied.

When out the hellish legion sallied.

As bees bizz out wi’ angry fyke,

When plundering herds assail their byke;

As open pussie’s mortal foes,

When, pop! she starts before their nose;

As eager runs the market-crowd,

When “Catch the thief!” resounds aloud;

So Maggie runs, the witches follow,

Wi’ mony an eldritch skreich and hollow.

Ah, Tam! Ah, Tam! thou’ll get thy fairin!

In hell, they’ll roast thee like a herrin!

In vain thy Kate awaits thy comin!

Kate soon will be a woefu’ woman!

Now, do thy speedy-utmost, Meg,

And win the key-stone o’ the brig;

There, at them thou thy tail may toss,

A running stream they dare na cross.

But ere the keystane she could make,

The fient a tail she had to shake!

For Nannie, far before the rest,

Hard upon noble Maggie prest,

And flew at Tam wi’ furious ettle;

But little wist she Maggie’s mettle!

Ae spring brought off her master hale,

But left behind her ain grey tail:

The carlin claught her by the rump,

And left poor Maggie scarce a stump.

Now, wha this tale o’ truth shall read,

Ilk man and mother’s son, take heed:

Whene’er to Drink you are inclin’d,

Or Cutty-sarks rin in your mind,

Think ye may buy the joys o’er dear;

Remember Tam o’ Shanter’s mare.

The Scots in this one

135 words, from the glossary Burns's own editions carried. On a wide screen these also sit in the margin beside the line they belong to; on a small one, tap any dotted word.

chapman
a pedler
drouthy
thirsty
tak
take
gate
way, road
nappy
ale, liquor
an'
and
fou
fow, full (i. e., drunk)
unco
remarkably, uncommonly, excessively
na
nae, no, not
lang
long
hame
home,
fand
found
o'
of
frae
from
ae
one
auld
old
wham
whom
bonie
bonnie, pretty, beautiful
sae
so
taen
taken
ain
own
tauld
told
weel
well
skellum
a good-for-nothing
blellum
a babbler; a railer; a blusterer
till
to, until
melder
a grinding corn
wi'
with
siller
silver; money in general
naig
a nag
gat
got
wad
would
mirk
dark
kirk
church
greet
to weep
ingle
the fire, the fireside
souter
cobbler
lo'ed
loved
brither
brother
thegither
together
clatter
noise, tattle, talk, disputation, babble
rair
to roar
e'en
even
himsel
himselfk
amang
among
flee
to fly
a'
all
flit
to shift
maun
must
sic
such
blawn
blown
deil
devil
dub
puddle, slush
gude
good
crooning
humming
snaw
snow
smoor'd
smothered
meikle
mickle, muckle, much, great
stane
stone
brak's
broke his
whins
furze
bairn
child
aboon
above up
mither
mother
bleeze
blaze
bore
a chink, recess
usquabae
usquebae, whisky
swats
new ale
boddle
a farthing
sair
sore, hard, severe, strong
brent
smooth, unwrinkled
tyke
a dog
gie
to give
skirl
to cry or sound shrilly
dirl
to vibrate, to ring
cantraip
magic, witching
cauld
cold
haly
holy
twa
two
mair
more
cleekit
linked arms
carlin
carline a middle-aged, or old, woman; a beldam, a witch
swat
sweated
duddies
dim. of duds, rags
wark
work
sark
a shirt
creeshie
greasy
hunder
a hundred
thir
these
breeks
breeches
ance
once
guid
gude, good
hae
have
gien
given
hurdies
the loins, the crupper (R. B.) (i. e., the buttocks)
blink
a glance, a moment
burdies
dim. of bird or burd (a lady); maidens
rigwoodie
lean
spean
to wean
flinging
kicking out in dancing; capering
crummock
cummock, a cudgel, a crooked staff
fu'
full
brawlie
finely, perfectly, heartily
waulie
jolly
core
corps
baith
both
cutty
short
harn
coarse cloth
vauntie
proud
grannie
graunie, grandmother
coft
bought
lap
leapt
flang
flung
souple
supple
strang
strong
ane
one
een
eyes
fain
fond, glad
hotch'd
jerked
syne
since, ago
anither
another
tint
lost
bizz
a flurry
fyke
fret
byke
a bees’ nest; a hive; a swarm; a crowd
eldritch
unearthly, haunted, fearsome
fairin
a present from a fair
brig
bridge
fient
fiend, a petty oath
ettle
aim
hale
hail, the whole
claught
clutched, seized
wha
who
ilk
ilka, each, every
rin
to run