To a Mouse
Robert Burns · 1785 · 48 lines
“The best laid schemes o’ Mice an’ Men”
Printed in older editions as To A Mouse, On Turning Her Up In Her Nest With The Plough, November, 1785.
Written at Mossgiel after Burns turned up a mouse's nest with the plough in November 1785. It would be a slight poem if it stopped at sympathy for the mouse, and it very nearly does — then the last two stanzas turn and put the poet below the animal, because the mouse only fears the present and he can see backwards and forwards. Steinbeck took his title from the sixth stanza.
Wee, sleekit, cow’rin, tim’rous beastie,
O, what a panic’s in thy breastie!
Thou need na start awa sae hasty,
Wi’ bickering brattle!
I wad be laith to rin an’ chase thee,
Wi’ murd’ring pattle!
I’m truly sorry man’s dominion,
Has broken nature’s social union,
An’ justifies that ill opinion,
Which makes thee startle
At me, thy poor, earth-born companion,
An’ fellow-mortal!
I doubt na, whiles, but thou may thieve;
What then? poor beastie, thou maun live!
A daimen icker in a thrave
’S a sma’ request;
I’ll get a blessin wi’ the lave,
An’ never miss’t!
Thy wee bit housie, too, in ruin!
It’s silly wa’s the win’s are strewin!
An’ naething, now, to big a new ane,
O’ foggage green!
An’ bleak December’s winds ensuin,
Baith snell an’ keen!
Thou saw the fields laid bare an’ waste,
An’ weary winter comin fast,
An’ cozie here, beneath the blast,
Thou thought to dwell—
Till crash! the cruel coulter past
Out thro’ thy cell.
That wee bit heap o’ leaves an’ stibble,
Has cost thee mony a weary nibble!
Now thou’s turn’d out, for a’ thy trouble,
But house or hald,
To thole the winter’s sleety dribble,
An’ cranreuch cauld!
But, Mousie, thou art no thy lane,
In proving foresight may be vain;
The best-laid schemes o’ mice an ’men
Gang aft agley,
An’lea’e us nought but grief an’ pain,
For promis’d joy!
Still thou art blest, compar’d wi’ me
The present only toucheth thee:
But, Och! I backward cast my e’e.
On prospects drear!
An’ forward, tho’ I canna see,
I guess an’ fear!
The Scots in this one
40 words, from the glossary Burns's own editions carried. On a wide screen these also sit in the margin beside the line they belong to; on a small one, tap any dotted word.
- sleekit
- sleek, glossy
- beastie
- dim. of beast
- breastie
- dim. of breast
- na
- nae, no, not
- awa
- away
- sae
- so
- wi'
- with
- bickering
- hurrying
- brattle
- a scamper
- wad
- would
- laith
- loath
- rin
- to run
- an'
- and
- pattle
- a plough-staff
- maun
- must
- daimen
- occasional
- icker
- an ear of corn
- thrave
- twenty-four sheaves
- sma'
- small
- lave
- the rest
- bit
- small (e.g., bit lassie)
- naething
- naithing, nothing
- big
- to build
- ane
- one
- o'
- of
- baith
- both
- snell
- bitter, biting
- till
- to, until
- stibble
- stubble
- a'
- all
- thole
- to endure; to suffer
- dribble
- drizzle
- cranreuch
- hoar-frost
- cauld
- cold
- lane
- lone
- gang
- to go
- aft
- oft
- agley
- awry
- e'e
- eye
- canna
- can not